21.
A long solenoid carrying a current produces a magnetic field $$B$$ along its axis. If the current is doubled and the number of turns per $$cm$$ is halved, the new value of the magnetic field is
For a solenoid magnetic field is given by $$B = {\mu _0}ni$$
where, $$n =$$ number of turns per unit length and
$$i =$$ current through the coil
or so for two different cases $$B \propto ni$$
$$\therefore \frac{{{B_1}}}{{{B_2}}} = \frac{{{n_1}{i_1}}}{{{n_2}{i_2}}}$$
Here, $${n_1} = n,\,{n_2} = \frac{n}{2},$$
$${i_1} = i,{i_2} = 2i,{B_1} = B$$
Hence, $$\frac{B}{{{B_2}}} = \frac{n}{{\frac{n}{2}}} \times \frac{i}{{2i}} = 1\,\,{\text{or}}\,\,{B_2} = B$$
22.
A thin flexible wire of length $$L$$ is connected to two adjacent fixed points and carries a current $$I$$ in the clockwise direction, as shown in the figure. When the system is put in a uniform magnetic field of strength $$B$$ going into the plane of the paper, the wire takes the shape of a circle. The tension in the wire is
Let us consider an elemental length dl subtending an angle $$d\theta $$ at the centre of the circle. Let $${F_B}$$ be the magnetic force acting on this length. Then
$${F_B} = BI\left( {dl} \right)$$ directed upwards as shown
$$\eqalign{
& = BI\left( {Rd\theta } \right)\,\,\,\,\,\left[ {\because {\text{angle}}\left( {d\theta } \right) = \frac{{arc\left( {dI} \right)}}{{{\text{radius}}R}}} \right] \cr
& = BI\left( {\frac{L}{{2\pi }}} \right)d\theta \,\,\,\,\left[ {\because 2\pi R = L \Rightarrow R = \frac{L}{{2\pi }}} \right] \cr} $$
Let $$T$$ be the tension in the wire acting along both ends of the elemental length as shown. On resolving $$T,$$ we find that the components. $$T\cos \left( {\frac{{d\theta }}{2}} \right)$$ cancel out and the components. $$T\sin \left( {\frac{{d\theta }}{2}} \right)$$ add up to balance $${F_B}.$$
At equilibrium $$2T\sin \left( {\frac{{d\theta }}{2}} \right) = BI\frac{L}{{2\pi }}d\theta $$
$$\eqalign{
& \Rightarrow 2T\frac{{d\theta }}{2} = BI\frac{L}{{2\pi }}d\theta \quad \left[ {\because \frac{{d\theta }}{2} = {\text{small}}} \right] \cr
& \Rightarrow T = \frac{{BIL}}{{2\pi }} \cr} $$
23.
The orbital speed of electron orbiting around a nucleus in a circular orbit of radius $$50\,pm$$ is $$2.2 \times {10^6}\,m{s^{ - 1}}.$$ Then the magnetic dipole moment of an electron is
24.
Wires 1 and 2 carrying currents $${i_1}$$ and $${i_2}$$ respectively are inclined at an angle $$\theta $$ to each other. What is the force on a small element $$dl$$ of wire 2 at a distance of $$r$$ from wire 1 (as shown in figure) due to the magnetic field of wire 1?
A
$$\frac{{{\mu _0}}}{{2\pi r}}{i_1}{i_2}dl\tan \theta $$
B
$$\frac{{{\mu _0}}}{{2\pi r}}{i_1}{i_2}dl\sin \theta $$
C
$$\frac{{{\mu _0}}}{{2\pi r}}{i_1}{i_2}dl\cos \theta $$
D
$$\frac{{{\mu _0}}}{{4\pi r}}{i_1}{i_2}dl\sin \theta $$
Magnetic field due to current in wire 1 at point $$P$$ distant $$r$$ from the wire is
$$\eqalign{
& B = \frac{{{\mu _0}}}{{4\pi }}\frac{{{i_1}}}{r}\left[ {\cos \theta + \cos \theta } \right] \cr
& B = \frac{{{\mu _0}}}{{2\pi }}\frac{{{i_1}\cos \theta }}{r}\,\left( {{\text{directed perpendicular to the plane of paper, inwards}}} \right) \cr} $$
The force exerted due to this magnetic field on current element $${i_2}dl$$ is $$dF = {i_2}dl\sin {90^ \circ }$$
$$\therefore dF = {i_2}dl\left[ {\frac{{{\mu _0}}}{{2\pi }}\frac{{{i_1}\cos \theta }}{r}} \right] = \frac{{{\mu _0}}}{{2\pi }}{i_1}{i_2}dl\cos \theta $$
25.
A straight wire of diameter $$0.5\,mm$$ carrying a current of $$1\,A$$ is replaced by another wire of $$1\,mm$$ diameter carrying same current. The strength of magnetic field far away is
Magnetic field due to straight wire is given by
$$B = \frac{{{\mu _0}}}{{4\pi }}\frac{{2i}}{r}$$
From above expression magnetic field due to current carrying conductor doesn’t depends on the diameter of wire, it only depends on distance of wire from the point and current in the wire so, magnetic field reamaining same for both wires.
26.
A circular coil $$ABCD$$ carrying a current $$i$$ is placed in a uniform magnetic field. If the magnetic force on the segment $$AB$$ is $$\vec F,$$ the force on the remaining segment $$BCDA$$ is
27.
A uniform magnetic field of magnitude $$1\,T$$ exists in region $$y \geqslant 0$$ is along $${\hat k}$$ direction as shown. A particle of charge $$1\,C$$ is projected from point $$\left( { - \sqrt 3 , - 1} \right)$$ towards origin with speed $$1\,m/\sec.$$ If mass of particle is $$1\,kg,$$ then co-ordinates of centre of circle in which particle moves are -
A
$$\left( {1,\sqrt 3 } \right)$$
B
$$\left( {1, - \sqrt 3 } \right)$$
C
$$\left( {\frac{1}{2}, - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}} \right)$$
D
$$\left( {\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}, - \frac{1}{2}} \right)$$
The centre will be at $$C$$ as shown :
Coordinates of the centre are
$$\left( {r\cos {{60}^ \circ }, - r\sin {{60}^ \circ }} \right)$$
where $$r$$ = radius of circle
$$ = \frac{{mv}}{{Bq}} = \frac{{1 \times 1}}{{1 \times 1}} = 1$$
i.e., $$\left( {\frac{1}{2}, - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}} \right)$$
28.
The magnetic field due to a current carrying circular loop of radius $$3cm$$ at a point on the axis at a distance of $$4cm$$ from the centre is 54 $$\mu T.$$ What will be its value at the centre of loop?
The magnetic field at a point on the axis of a circular loop at a distance $$x$$ from centre is,
$$\eqalign{
& B = \frac{{{\mu _0}i{a^2}}}{{2{{\left( {{x^2} + {a^2}} \right)}^{\frac{3}{2}}}}}\,\,\,\,B' = \frac{{{\mu _0}i}}{{2a}} \cr
& \therefore B' = \frac{{B.{{\left( {{x^2} + {a^2}} \right)}^{\frac{3}{2}}}}}{{{a^3}}} \cr
& {\text{Put}}\,x = 4\,\& \,a = 3 \Rightarrow B' = \frac{{54\left( {{5^3}} \right)}}{{3 \times 3 \times 3}} = 250\mu T \cr} $$
29.
A current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field experiences maximum force when angle between current and magnetic field is
$$F = iB\left| {\sin \theta .} \right.$$ This is maximum when $$\sin \theta = 1\,\,{\text{or}}\,\,\theta = \frac{\pi }{2}.$$
30.
For a positively charged particle moving in a $$x-y$$ plane initially along the $$x$$-axis, there is a sudden change in its path due to the presence of electric and/or magnetic fields beyond $$P.$$ The curved path is shown in the $$x-y$$ plane and is found to be non-circular. Which one of the following combinations is possible?
A
$$\overrightarrow E = 0;\,\overrightarrow B = b\hat i + c\hat k$$
B
$$\overrightarrow E = a\hat i;\,\overrightarrow B = c\hat k + a\hat i$$
C
$$\overrightarrow E = 0;\,\overrightarrow B = c\hat j + b\hat k$$
D
$$\overrightarrow E = a\hat i;\,\overrightarrow B = c\hat k + b\hat j$$
Answer :
$$\overrightarrow E = a\hat i;\,\overrightarrow B = c\hat k + a\hat i$$
The velocity at $$P$$ is in the $$X$$-direction (given).
Let $$\overrightarrow v = k\hat i.$$
After $$P,$$ the positively charged particle gets deflected in the $$x - y$$ plane toward $$- y$$ direction and the path is non-circular.
$$\eqalign{
& {\text{Now, }}\overrightarrow F = q\left( {\overrightarrow v \times \overrightarrow B } \right) \cr
& \Rightarrow \overrightarrow F = q\left[ {k\hat i \times \left( {c\hat k + a\hat i} \right)} \right]\,{\text{for option}}\,\left( {\text{B}} \right) \cr
& = q\left[ {kc\hat i \times \hat k + \hat ka\hat i \times \hat i} \right] = kcq\left( { - \hat j} \right) \cr} $$
Since in option (B), electric field is also present $$\overrightarrow E = a\hat i,$$ therefore it will also exert a force in the $$+X$$ direction. The net result of the two forces will be a non-circular path.
Only option (B) fits for the above logic. For other option, we get some other results.