101.
An electron travelling with a speed $$u$$ along the positive $$x$$-axis enters into a region of magnetic field where $$B = - {B_0}\hat k\left( {x > 0} \right).$$ It comes out of the region with speed $$v$$ then
The force acting on electron will be perpendicular to the direction of velocity till the electron remains in the magnetic field. So the electron will follow the path as given.
102.
To convert a galvanometer into an ammeter, one needs to connect a
A galvanometer can be converted into an ammeter by using a low resistance wire in parallel with the galvanometer. The resistance of this wire depends upon the range of the ammeter and it is given by
Shunt resistance $$S = \left( {\frac{{{i_g}G}}{{i - {i_g}}}} \right)$$
103.
A coaxial cable consists of a thin inner conductor fixed along the axis of a hollow outer conductor. The two conductors carry equal currents in opposites directions. Let $${B_1}$$ and $${B_2}$$ be the magnetic fields in the region between the conductors and outside the conductor, respectively Then,
Apply Ampere's circular law to the coaxial circular loops $${L_1}$$ and $${L_2}.$$
The magnetic field is $${B_1}$$ at all points on $${L_1}$$ and $${B_2}$$ at all points on $${L_2}.$$ $$\sum I \ne 0$$ for $${L_1}$$ and 0 for $${L_2}.$$
Hence, $${B_1} \ne 0$$ but $${B_2} = 0$$
$$\left[ {{\text{As}}\,\oint {\vec B.d\vec i = {\mu _0}\sum I} } \right]$$
104.
A particle of charge $$q$$ and mass $$m$$ moves in a circular orbit of radius $$r$$ with angular speed $$\omega .$$ The ratio of the magnitude of its magnetic moment to that of its angular momentum depends on
Magnetic field due to a long current carrying wire at distance $$r$$ at point $$P$$ is given by
$$B = \frac{{{\mu _0}}}{{4\pi }} \cdot \frac{{2i}}{r}$$
So, $$B \propto \frac{1}{r}$$
when $$r$$ is doubled, the magnetic field becomes halved.
i.e., $$B' = \frac{B}{2} \Rightarrow B' = \frac{{0.4}}{2} = 0.2\,T$$
106.
A charged particle of charge $$q$$ and mass $$m$$ enters perpendicularly in a magnetic field $$B.$$ Kinetic energy of the particle is $$E,$$ then frequency of rotation is
Magnetic force = centripetal force
i.e. $$qvB = \frac{{m{v^2}}}{r}$$
or $$qvB = mr{\omega ^2}\,\,\left( {v = r\omega } \right)$$
or $${\omega ^2} = \frac{{qvB}}{{mr}} = \frac{{q\left( {r\omega } \right)B}}{{mr}}$$
Angular frequency, $$\omega = \frac{{qB}}{m}$$
If $$\nu $$ is the frequency of rotation, then
$$\eqalign{
& \omega = 2\pi \nu \Rightarrow \nu = \frac{\omega }{{2\pi }} \cr
& \therefore \nu = \frac{{qB}}{{2\pi m}} \cr} $$ NOTE
In the resultant expression $$\frac{q}{m}$$ is known as specific charge. It is sometimes denoted by $$\alpha .$$ So, in terms of $$\alpha ,$$ the above formula can be written as
$$\omega = B\alpha \,\,{\text{and}}\,\,\nu = \frac{{B\alpha }}{{2\pi }}$$
107.
An electron moving in a circular orbit of radius $$r$$ makes $$n$$ rotations per second. The magnetic field produced at the centre has magnitude
As, $$I = \frac{q}{t}.$$ So, for an electron revolving in a circular orbit of radius $$r$$
$$q = e\,\,{\text{and}}\,\,t = T$$
$$ \Rightarrow I = \frac{e}{T} = \frac{e}{{\frac{{2\pi }}{\omega }}} = \frac{{\omega e}}{{2\pi }} = \frac{{2\pi ne}}{{2\pi }} = ne$$
The magnetic field produced at the centre is
$$B = \frac{{{\mu _0}I}}{{2R}} = \frac{{{\mu _0}ne}}{{2r}}$$
108.
A steady current is flowing in a circular coil of radius $$R,$$ made up of a thin conducting wire. The magnetic field at the center of the loop is $${B_L}.$$ Now,
a circular loop of radius $$\frac{R}{n}$$ is made form the same wire without changing its length, by unfolding and refolding the loop, and the same current is
passed through it. If new magnetic field at the centre of the coil is $${B_C},$$ then the ratio $$\frac{{{B_L}}}{{{B_C}}}$$ is
$${B_L} = \frac{{{\mu _0}I}}{{2\pi R}}$$
If the radius is $$\frac{R}{n};$$ the number of turns will be $$n.$$
$$\eqalign{
& {B_C} = \frac{{n{\mu _0}I}}{{2\pi \left( {\frac{R}{n}} \right)}} = {n^2}\frac{{{\mu _0}I}}{{2\pi R}} \cr
& {\text{Hence,}}\,\,\frac{{{B_L}}}{{{B_C}}} = \frac{1}{{{n^2}}} \cr} $$
109.
A particle of charge $$ - 16 \times {10^{ - 18}}$$ coulomb moving with velocity $$10m{s^{ - 1}}$$ along the $$x$$-axis enters a region where a magnetic field of induction $$B$$ is along the $$y$$-axis, and an electric field of magnitude $${10^4}V/m$$ is along the negative $$z$$-axis. If the charged particle continues moving along the $$x$$-axis, the magnitude of $$B$$ is
The situation is shown in the figure.
$${F_E}$$ = Force due to electric field
$${F_B}$$ = Force due to magnetic field
It is given that the charged particle remains moving along $$X$$-axis (i.e. undeviated). Therefore $${F_B} = {F_E}$$
$$ \Rightarrow qvB = qE \Rightarrow B = \frac{E}{v} = \frac{{{{10}^4}}}{{10}} = {10^3}\,weber/{m^2}$$
110.
Two long parallel wires are at a distance of $$1\,m.$$ Both of them carry $$1A$$ of current. The force of attraction per unit length between the two wires is
Magnetic force between parallel wires per unit length is given by $$\frac{F}{l} = \frac{{{\mu _0}}}{{2\pi }} \times \frac{{{i_1}{i_2}}}{r}$$
where, $${{i_1}}$$ and $${{i_2}}$$ are the currents in wires 1 and 2 respectively and $$r$$ is the distance between them.
Since, it is given that between two wires there is a force of attraction, so, the direction of currents in both will be the same.
$$\eqalign{
& {\text{Given,}}\,{i_1} = {i_2} = 1A,r = 1\,m, \cr
& {\mu _0} = 4\pi \times {10^{ - 7}}T{\text{ - }}m/A \cr
& \therefore \frac{F}{l} = \frac{{4\pi \times {{10}^{ - 7}}}}{{2\pi }} \times \frac{{1 \times 1}}{1} \cr
& = 2 \times {10^{ - 7}}N/m \cr} $$ NOTE
When current is in same direction in both the wires there will be attraction and if current in opposite direction there is repulsion.