Question

Of the following $$0.10$$ $$m$$  aqueous solutions, which one will exhibit the largest freezing point depression?

A. $$KCl$$
B. $${C_6}{H_{12}}{O_6}$$
C. $$A{l_2}{\left( {S{O_4}} \right)_3}$$  
D. $${K_2}S{O_4}$$
Answer :   $$A{l_2}{\left( {S{O_4}} \right)_3}$$
Solution :
$$\Delta {T_f}$$  ( freezing point depression ) is a colligative property and depends upon the van't Hoff factor $$(i),$$ i.e. number of ions given by the electrolyte in aqueous solution.
$$\Delta {T_f} = i \times {k_f} \times m$$
where, $${k_f} = $$  molal freezing point depression constant
              $$m=$$  molality of the solution
$$\eqalign{ & \therefore {k_f}\,\,{\text{and }}m{\text{ are constant,}} \cr & \therefore \,\,{T_f} \propto i \cr} $$
$${\text{van't Hoff factor for ionic solution}}{\text{.}}$$
$$\left( {\text{A}} \right)KCl\left( {aq} \right) \rightleftharpoons {K^ + }\left( {aq} \right) + C{l^ - }\left( {aq} \right),$$       $$\left( {{\text{Total ions}} = 2\,{\text{thus,}}\,i = 2} \right)$$
$$\left( {\text{B}} \right){C_6}{H_{12}}{O_6} \rightleftharpoons {\text{no ions}}\left[ {i = 0} \right]$$
$${\text{because glucose does not gives ions}}{\text{.}}$$
$$\left( {\text{C}} \right)A{l_2}{\left( {S{O_4}} \right)_3}\left( {aq} \right) \rightleftharpoons 2A{l^{3 + }} + 3SO_4^{2 - }$$        $$\left[ {{\text{Total ions}}\, = 5{\text{,}}\,{\text{thus,}}\,i = 5} \right]$$
$$\left( {\text{D}} \right){K_2}S{O_4}\left( {aq} \right) \rightleftharpoons 2{K^ + } + SO_4^{2 - }$$       $$\left[ {{\text{Total ions}}\, = 3{\text{,}}\,{\text{thus,}}\,i = 3} \right]$$
Hence, $$A{l_2}{\left( {S{O_4}} \right)_3}$$   will exhibit largest freezing point depression due to the highest value of $$i.$$

Releted MCQ Question on
Physical Chemistry >> Solutions

Releted Question 1

An azeotropic solution of two liquids has boiling point lower than either of them when it

A. shows negative deviation from Raoult’s law
B. shows no deviation from Raoult’s law
C. shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law
D. is saturated
Releted Question 2

For a dilute solution, Raoult’s law states that :

A. the lowering of vapour pressure is equal to the mole fraction of solute.
B. the relative lowering of vapour pressure is equal to the mole fraction of solute.
C. the relative lowering of vapour pressure is proportional to the amount of solute in solution.
D. the vapour pressure of the solution is equal to the mole fraction of solvent.
Releted Question 3

When mercuric iodide is added to the aqueous solution of potassium iodide then

A. freezing point is raised.
B. freezing point is lowered.
C. freezing point does not change.
D. boiling point does not change.
Releted Question 4

Which of the following $$0.1 M$$  aqueous solutions will have the lowest freezing point?

A. Potassium sulphate
B. Sodium chloride
C. Urea
D. Glucose

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