291.
Which is the most suitable reagent among the following to distinguish compound (iii) from rest of the compounds?
$$\eqalign{
& {\text{(i)}}\,C{H_3} - C \equiv C - C{H_3} \cr
& {\text{(ii)}}\,C{H_3} - C{H_2} - C{H_2} - C{H_3} \cr
& {\text{(iii)}}\,C{H_3} - C{H_2} - C \equiv CH \cr
& {\text{(iv)}}\,C{H_3} - CH = C{H_2} \cr} $$
It may be noted that only the terminal alkynes react with ammoniacal silver nitrate. Therefore, this reaction can be used to distinguish between 1-alkynes and others such as alkane, alkenes and non-terminal alkynes.
$$C{H_3} - C{H_2} - C \equiv $$ $$CH + 2\left[ {Ag{{\left( {N{H_3}} \right)}_2}} \right]N{O_3} \to $$ $$\mathop {C{H_3}C{H_2}C \equiv CAg \downarrow }\limits_{{\text{White ppt}}{\text{.}}} $$
292.
\[\left( A \right)\xrightarrow{{{H}_{2}}\left( 1\,mole \right)/Pt}\]
Double bond equivalent ( degree of unsaturation ) of $$(A)$$ is :
\[B{{r}^{\bullet }}\] is less reactive and more selective and so the most stable free radical \[\left( {{3}^{\circ }} \right)\] will be the major product.
295.
Which one of the following gives only one monochloro derivative?
In $$neo$$ - pentane all the hydrogen are of same type so it can only give one mono-chloro derivative.
\[\underset{neo\text{-Pentane}}{\mathop{C{{H}_{3}}\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}
| \\
\,\,\,\,C{{H}_{3}}
\end{smallmatrix}}{\overset{\begin{smallmatrix}
\,\,\,\,\,C{{H}_{3}} \\
|
\end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{-C-}}}\,C{{H}_{3}}}}\,\xrightarrow{C{{l}_{2}}}C{{H}_{3}}\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}
| \\
\,\,\,\,C{{H}_{3}}
\end{smallmatrix}}{\overset{\begin{smallmatrix}
\,\,\,\,\,C{{H}_{3}} \\
|
\end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{-C-}}}\,C{{H}_{3}}Cl\]
296.
In the commercial gasolines, the type of hydrocarbons which is more desirable, is
On increasing the number of branches, knocking is decreased and octane number is increased. So, branched chain hydrocarbons have less knocking and is more desirable.
297.
Toluene on treatment with $$Cr{O_3}$$ and $${\left( {C{H_3}CO} \right)_2}O$$ followed by hydrolysis with $$dil.HCl$$ gives