51.
The earth’s magnetic field lines resemble that of a dipole at the centre of the earth. If the magnetic moment of this dipole is close to $$8 \times {10^{22}}\,A{m^2},$$ the value of earth’s magnetic field near the equator is close to
(radius of the earth $$ = 6.4 \times {10^6}m$$ )
52.
Assume that each iron atom has a permanent magnetic moment equal to $$2$$ Bohr magnetons ($$1$$ Bohr magneton $$ = 9.27 \times {10^{ - 24}}A - {m^2}$$ ). The density of atoms in iron is $$8.52 \times {10^{28}}atoms/{m^3}.$$ Find the maximum magnetic moment per unit volume.
The total magnetic moment per unit volume.
$$\eqalign{
& = \frac{{\left( {8.52 \times {{10}^{28}}} \right) \times \left( {2 \times 9.27 \times {{10}^{ - 24}}} \right)}}{1} \cr
& = 1.58 \times {10^6}\,\left. A \right|m \cr} $$
53.
The graph between $$\chi $$ and $$\frac{1}{T}$$ for paramagnetic material will be represented by
55.
Following figures show the arrangement of bar magnets in different configurations. Each magnet has magnetic dipole moment $$M.$$ Which configuration has highest net magnetic dipole moment?
Magnetic moment is from $$S$$ to $$N$$
So, $${M_{{\text{net}}}} = \sqrt {{M^2} + {M^2} + 2{M^2}\cos \theta } $$
$${M_{{\text{net}}}}$$ will be maximum if $${\cos \theta }$$ is maximum. $${\cos \theta }$$ will be maximum when $$\theta $$ will be minimum.
So, at $$\theta = {30^ \circ },{M_{{\text{net}}}}$$ will be maximum.
56.
A dip circle is so set that its needle moves freely in the magnetic meridian. In this position, the angle of dip is $${40^ \circ }.$$ Now the dip circle is rotated so that the plane in which the needle moves makes an angle of $${30^ \circ }$$ with the magnetic meridian. In this position, the needle will dip by an angle
57.
A domain in a ferromagnetic substance is in the form of a cube of side length $$1\,\mu m.$$ If it contains $$8 \times {10^{10}}atoms$$ and each atomic dipole has a dipole moment of $$9 \times {10^{ - 24}}A{m^2},$$ then the magnetization of the domain is
The volume of the cube is
$$V = {\left( {{{10}^6} - m} \right)^3} = {10^{ - 18}}{m^3}$$
Net dipole moment $${m_{{\text{net}}}}$$
$$\eqalign{
& = 8 \times {10^{10}} \times 9 \times {10^{ - 24}}A{m^2} \cr
& = 72 \times {10^{ - 14}}A{m^2} \cr} $$
Intensity of magnetization is magnetic moment developed per unit volume.
∴ magnetization, $$M = \frac{{{m_{{\text{net}}}}}}{{{\text{volume}}}}$$
$$ = \frac{{72 \times {{10}^{ - 14}}A{m^2}}}{{{{10}^{ - 18}}{m^3}}} = 7.2 \times {10^5}A{m^{ - 1}}$$
58.
A magnetic dipole is acted upon by two magnetic fields which are inclined to each other at an angle of $${75^ \circ }.$$ One of the fields has a magnitude of $$15\,mT.$$ The dipole attains stable equilibrium at an angle of $${30^ \circ }$$ with this field. The magnitude of the other field (in $$mT$$ ) is close to :
We know that, magnetic dipole moment
$$M = niA\cos \theta \,{\text{i}}{\text{.e}}{\text{.,}}\,M \propto \cos \theta $$
When two magnetic fields are inclined at an angle of $${75^ \circ }$$ the equilibrium will be at $${30^ \circ },$$ so $$\cos \theta = \cos \left( {{{75}^ \circ } - {{30}^ \circ }} \right) = \cos {45^ \circ } = \frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }}$$
$$\eqalign{
& \frac{x}{{\sqrt 2 }} = \frac{{15}}{2} \cr
& \therefore x \approx 11 \cr} $$
59.
At a place, if the earth's horizontal and vertical components of magnetic fields are equal, then the angle of dip will be