$$\eqalign{
& E = \frac{{{P^2}}}{{2m}} \cr
& \therefore E \propto \frac{1}{m}\,\,\left[ {{\text{If}}\,P = {\text{constant}}} \right] \cr} $$
i.e. the lightest particle will possess maximum kinetic energy and in the given a option mass of electron is minimum.
152.
A body of mass $$3\,kg$$ is under a constant force, which causes a displacement $$s$$ in metre in it, given by the relation $$s = \frac{1}{3}{t^2},$$ where $$t$$ is in second. Work done by the force in $$2\,s$$ is
Work done by the force $$ = {\text{force}} \times {\text{displacement}}$$
$${\text{or}}\,\,W = F \times s\,......\left( {\text{i}} \right)$$
But from Newton's 2nd law, we have
$${\text{Force}} = {\text{mass}} \times {\text{acceleration}}$$
$${\text{i}}{\text{.e}}{\text{.}}\,\,F = ma\,......\left( {{\text{ii}}} \right)$$
Hence, from Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
$$W = mas = m\left( {\frac{{{d^2}s}}{{d{t^2}}}} \right)s\left( {\because a = \frac{{{d^2}s}}{{d{t^2}}}} \right)\,\,......\left( {{\text{iii}}} \right)$$
Now, we have, $$s = \frac{1}{3}{t^2}$$
$$\eqalign{
& \therefore \frac{{{d^2}s}}{{d{t^2}}} = \frac{d}{{dt}}\left[ {\frac{d}{{dt}}\left( {\frac{1}{3}{t^2}} \right)} \right] \cr
& = \frac{d}{{dt}} \times \left( {\frac{2}{3}t} \right) = \frac{2}{3}\frac{{dt}}{{dt}} = \frac{2}{3} \cr} $$
Hence, Eq. (iii) becomes
$$W = \frac{2}{3}ms = \frac{2}{3}m \times \frac{1}{3}{t^2} = \frac{2}{9}m{t^2}$$
We have, $$m = 3\,kg,t = 2\,s$$
$$\therefore W = \frac{2}{9} \times 3 \times {\left( 2 \right)^2} = \frac{8}{3}J$$
153.
A body is moved along a straight line by a machine delivering a constant power. The distance moved by the body in time $$‘t’$$ is proportional to-
We know that $$F×v= Power$$
$$\therefore $$ $$F×v=c$$ where $$c=constant$$
$$\eqalign{
& \therefore m\frac{{dv}}{{dt}} \times v = c\,\,\,\,\,\left( {\therefore F = ma = \frac{{mdv}}{{dt}}} \right) \cr
& \therefore m\int\limits_0^v {vdv} = c\int\limits_0^t {dt} \cr
& \therefore \frac{1}{2}m{v^2} = ct \cr
& \therefore v = \sqrt {\frac{{2c}}{m}} \times {t^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cr
& \therefore \frac{{dx}}{{dt}} = \sqrt {\frac{{2c}}{m}} \times {t^{\frac{1}{2}}}\,\,\,\,{\text{where }}v = \frac{{dx}}{{dt}} \cr
& \therefore \int\limits_0^x {dx} = \sqrt {\frac{{2c}}{m}} \times \int\limits_0^t {{t^{\frac{1}{2}}}} dt \cr
& x = \sqrt {\frac{{2c}}{m}} \times \frac{{2{t^{\frac{3}{2}}}}}{3} \cr
& \Rightarrow x \propto {t^{\frac{3}{2}}} \cr} $$
154.
A car of mass $$m$$ starts from vest and accelerates so that the instantaneous power delivered to the car has a constant magnitude $${p_0}.$$ The instantaneous velocity of this car is proportional to:
Constant power of car $${P_0} = F.V = ma.v$$
$$\eqalign{
& {P_0} = m\frac{{dv}}{{dt}} \cdot v \cr
& {P_0}dt = mvdv\,{\text{Integrating}} \cr
& {P_0}.t = \frac{{m{v^2}}}{2}\,\,v = \sqrt {\frac{{2{P_0}t}}{m}} \cr
& \because {P_0},m\,{\text{and}}\,2\,{\text{are}}\,{\text{constant}} \cr
& \therefore v \propto \sqrt t \cr} $$
155.
A force $$\vec F = \left( {5\vec i + 3\vec j + 2\vec k} \right)N$$ is applied over a particle which displaces it from its origin to the point $$\vec r = \left( {2\vec i - \vec j} \right)m.$$ The work done on the particle in joules is-
Work done in displacing the particle,
$$\eqalign{
& W = \vec F.\,\vec x = \left( {5\vec i + 3\vec j + 2\vec k} \right).\left( {2\vec i - \vec j} \right) \cr
& = 10 - 3 = 7\,joules \cr} $$
156.
Mass $${m_1}$$ strikes $${m_2}$$ which is at rest. The ratio of masses for which they will collide again (collision between ball and wall are elastic, coefficient of restitution between $${m_1}$$ and $${m_2}$$ is $$e$$ and all the surfaces are smooth.)
A
$$ < \frac{e}{{2 + e}}$$
B
$$ > \frac{{2e}}{{2 + e}}$$
C
$$ \geqslant \frac{e}{{2\left( {2 + e} \right)}}$$
157.
The net power of all the forces acting on a particle $$\left( P \right)$$ versus time curve is shown. Work done upon the particle from $$A$$ to $$B$$
Area under graph increases. Hence work done upon the particle from $$A$$ to $$B$$ increases.
158.
Force $$F$$ on a particle moving in a straight line varies with distance $$d$$ as shown in the figure. The work done on the particle during its displacement of $$12\,m$$ is
Work done is equal to area under the curve in $$F$$-$$d$$ graph.
Work done = Area under $$\left( {F{\text{-}}d} \right)$$ graph $$ = 2 \times \left( {7 - 3} \right) + \frac{1}{2} \times 2 \times \left( {12 - 7} \right)$$
$$\eqalign{
& = 8 + \frac{1}{2} \times 10 \cr
& = 8 + 5 = 13\,J \cr} $$
159.
An escalator has $$2400\,W$$ of power available to move passengers from the first floor of a mall to the second, $$6.0\,m$$ vertically. If the average mass of the passengers is $$65\,kg,$$ what is the maximum number of passengers that can be carried to the second floor in $$1.0$$ minute?
160.
A steel ball of mass $$5\,g$$ is thrown downward with velocity $$10\,m/s$$ from height $$19.5\,m.$$ It penetrates sand by $$50\,cm.$$ The change in mechanical energy will be
$$\left( {g = 10\,m/{s^2}} \right)$$