181.
Consider an infinite geometric series with first term $$a$$ and common ratio $$r$$ . If its sum is 4 and the second term is $$\frac{3}{4}$$ , then
Sum $$ = \frac{2}{{10}} + \frac{4}{{{{10}^3}}} + \frac{6}{{{{10}^5}}} + \frac{8}{{{{10}^7}}} + .....\,{\text{to }}\infty $$ which is an arithmetico-geometric series
183.
The sum to $$n$$ terms of the series $$\frac{1}{2} + \frac{3}{4} + \frac{7}{8} + \frac{{15}}{{16}} + .....\,{\text{is}}$$
184.
If $${S_n} = \sum\limits_{r = 0}^n {\frac{1}{{^n{C_r}}}} $$ and $${t_n} = \sum\limits_{r = 0}^n {\frac{r}{{^n{C_r}}}} $$ , then $$\frac{{{t_n}}}{{{S_n}}}$$ is equal to
185.
$$l, m, n$$ are the $${p^{th}},{q^{th}}{\text{ and }}{r^{th}}$$ term of a G.P. all positive, then \[\left| \begin{array}{l}
\log l\,\,\,\,\,\,p\,\,\,\,\,\,1\\
\log m\,\,\,\,q\,\,\,\,\,\,1\\
\log n\,\,\,\,\,\,r\,\,\,\,\,\,1
\end{array} \right|\] equals
\[\begin{array}{l}
l = A{R^{p - 1}} \Rightarrow \log l = \log A + \left( {p - 1} \right)\log R\\
m = A{R^{q - 1}} \Rightarrow \log m = \log A + \left( {q - 1} \right)\log R\\
n = A{R^{r - 1}} \Rightarrow \log n = \log A + \left( {r - 1} \right)\log R\\
{\rm{Now,}}\\
\left| \begin{array}{l}
\log l\,\,\,\,\,\,p\,\,\,\,\,\,1\\
\log m\,\,\,\,q\,\,\,\,\,\,1\\
\log n\,\,\,\,\,\,r\,\,\,\,\,\,1
\end{array} \right| = \left| \begin{array}{l}
\log A + \left( {p - 1} \right)\log R\,\,\,\,\,\,\,p\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,1\\
\log A + \left( {q - 1} \right)\log R\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,q\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,1\\
\log A + \left( {r - 1} \right)\log R\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,r\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,1
\end{array} \right|\\
{\rm{Operating }}\,\,{{\rm{C}}_1} - \left( {\log R} \right){{\rm{C}}_2} + \left( {\log R - \log A} \right){{\rm{C}}_3}\\
= \left| \begin{array}{l}
0\,\,\,\,\,\,p\,\,\,\,\,\,1\\
0\,\,\,\,\,\,q\,\,\,\,\,\,1\\
0\,\,\,\,\,\,r\,\,\,\,\,\,\,1
\end{array} \right| = 0
\end{array}\]
186.
In a geometric progression consisting of positive terms, each term equals the sum of the next two terms. Then the common ratio of its progression is equals
$$a = \frac{1}{{1 - \left( {\sqrt 3 - 1} \right)}} = \frac{1}{{2 - \sqrt 3 }} = 2 + \sqrt 3 $$
and $$ab = 1$$
$$ \Rightarrow b = 2 - \sqrt 3 $$
so, $$a$$ and $$b$$ are roots of $${x^2} - 4x + 1 = 0$$
189.
If $$a,{a_1},{a_2},{a_3},.....,{a_{2n - 1}},b$$ are in A.P., $$a,{b_1},{b_2},{b_3},.....,{b_{2n - 1}},b$$ are in G.P. and $$a,{c_1},{c_2},{c_3},.....,{c_{2n - 1}},b$$ are in H.P., where $$a, b$$ are positive, then the equation $${a_n}{x^2} - {b_n}x + {c_n} = 0$$ has its roots
Clearly $${a_n},{b_n},{c_n}$$ are the middle terms of the given A.P., G.P., H.P.
respectively. So, $${a_n}$$ is the AM of $$a,b;{b_n}$$ is the GM of $$a, b$$ and $${c_n}$$ is the HM of $$a, b.$$ Also $${a_n},{b_n},{c_n}$$ are positive because $$a, b$$ are positive.
∴ $${a_n},{b_n},{c_n}$$ are in G.P.; so discriminant $$ = b_n^2 - 4{a_n}{c_n} = - 3{a_n}{c_n} < 0.$$
190.
A person is to count 4500 currency notes. Let $${a_n}$$ denote the number of notes he counts in the $${n^{th}}$$ minute. If $${a_1} = {a_2} = .... = {a_{10}} = 150{\text{ and }}{a_{10}},{a_{11}},....$$ are in an A.P. with common difference $$- 2$$ , then the time taken by him to count all notes is