$${2^p} \cdot {6^q} \cdot {15^r} = {2^{p + q}} \cdot {3^{q + r}} \cdot {5^r}$$
∴ the number of proper divisors
= {total number of selections from $$\left( {p + q} \right)$$ twos, $$\left( {q + r} \right)$$ threes and $$r$$ fives} $$- 2$$
$$ = \left( {p + q + 1} \right)\left( {q + r + 1} \right)\left( {r + 1} \right) - 2.$$
103.
If $$3n$$ different things can be equally distributed among $$3$$ persons in $$k$$
ways then the number of ways to divide the $$3n$$ things in $$3$$ equal groups is
Since the largest digit is in the middle, the middle digit is greater than or equal to 4 the number of numbers with 4 in the middle $$ = {\,^4}{P_4} - {\,^3}{P_3}.$$
(∵ the other four places are to be filled by 0, 1, 2 and 3 and a number cannot begin with 0). Similarly, the numbers of numbers with 5 in the middle $$ = {\,^5}{P_4} - {\,^4}{P_3},{\text{ e}}{\text{.t}}{\text{.c}}{\text{.)}}$$
∴ The required number of numbers
$$\eqalign{
& = \left( {^4{P_4} - {\,^3}{P_3}} \right) + \left( {^5{P_4} - {\,^4}{P_3}} \right) + \left( {^6{P_4} - {\,^5}{P_3}} \right) + ..... + \left( {^9{P_4} - {\,^8}{P_3}} \right) \cr
& = \sum\limits_{n = 4}^9 {^n{P_4} - } \sum\limits_{n = 3}^8 {^n{P_3}} \cr} $$
105.
The total number of 3-digit numbers, the sum of whose digits is even, is equal to
The number of positive integral solutions
= co-efficient of $${x^n}\,{\text{in }}{\left( {x + {x^2} + {x^3} + .....} \right)^3}$$
= co-efficient of $${x^{n - 3}}\,{\text{in }}{\left( {1 + x + {x^2} + .....} \right)^3}$$
= co-efficient of $${x^{n - 3}}\,{\text{in }}{\left( {1 - x} \right)^{ - 3}}$$
= co-efficient of $${x^{n - 3}}\,{\text{in }}\left\{ {^2{C_0} + {\,^3}{C_1}x + {\,^4}{C_2}{x^2} + .....} \right\}$$
$$ = {\,^{n - 1}}{C_{n - 3}} = \frac{{\left( {n - 1} \right)!}}{{\left( {n - 3} \right)!\,\,2!}} = \frac{{\left( {n - 1} \right)\left( {n - 2} \right)}}{2}.$$
107.
There are 18 points in a plane such that no three of them are in the same line except five points which are collinear. The number of triangles formed by these points is :
A triangle can be formed by using three non-collinear points.
So, the number of triangles formed by 18 non-collinear points $$ = {\,^{18}}{C_3}$$
But according to the question, 5 points are collinear.
Hence, exact number of triangles
$$\eqalign{
& = {\,^{18}}{C_3} - {\,^5}{C_3} = \frac{{18!}}{{3!15!}} - \frac{{5!}}{{3!2!}} \cr
& = \frac{{16 \times 17 \times 18}}{{2 \times 3}} - \frac{{4 \times 5}}{2} = 816 - 10 = 806. \cr} $$
108.
In the decimal system of numeration the number of 6-digit numbers in which the sum of the digits is divisible by 5 is
Ways: \[\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
\times \\
9
\end{array}\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
\times \\
{10}
\end{array}\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
\times \\
{10}
\end{array}\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
\times \\
{10}
\end{array}\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
\times \\
{10}
\end{array}\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
\times \\
6
\end{array}\]
0 cannot go in the first place. In other four places any digit can go. After filling the first five places, the last place can be filled by 0 or 5, 1 or 6, 2 or 7, 3 or 8, 4 or 9 depending upon whether the sum of five digits filled is of the form $$5m, 5m + 4, 5m + 3, 5m + 2$$ or $$5m + 1$$ respectively.
∴ the required number of numbers $$ = 9 \times {10^4} \times 2.$$
109.
The number of 5-digit numbers in which no two consecutive digits are identical is
Ways: \[\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
\times \\
9
\end{array}\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
\times \\
9
\end{array}\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
\times \\
9
\end{array}\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
\times \\
9
\end{array}\,\,\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
\times \\
9
\end{array}\]
0 cannot be placed in the first place. In the next place any digit except the one used in the first place can be used, e.t.c.
110.
Seven people leave their bags outside temple and while returning after worshiping the deity, picked one bag each at random. In how many ways at least one and at most three of them get their correct bags ?