Question
In a diatomic molecule the bond distance is $$1 \times {10^{ - 8}}\,cm.$$ Its dipole moment is $$1.2\,D.$$ What is the fractional electronic charge on each atom?
A.
0.50
B.
1.2 × 10-10
C.
0.25
D.
1.2
Answer :
0.25
Solution :
$$\eqalign{
& {\rm{Partial}}\,{\rm{charge}} = {{{\rm{Dipole}}\,{\rm{moment}}} \over {{\rm{Bond}}\,{\rm{distance}}}} \cr
& \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = {{1.2 \times {{10}^{ - 18}}\,esu\,cm} \over {1 \times {{10}^{ - 8}}\,cm}} \cr
& \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = 1.2 \times {10^{ - 10}}\,esu \cr
& {\rm{Fractional}}\,{\rm{charge}} = {{1.2 \times {{10}^{ - 10}}} \over {4.8 \times {{10}^{ - 10}}}} \cr
& \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, = 0.25 \cr
& \left( {4.8 \times {{10}^{ - 10}}\,{\rm{is}}\,{\rm{a}}\,{\rm{theoretical}}\,{\rm{value}}\,{\rm{of}}\,\mu .} \right) \cr} $$