Question

For a given reaction, $$\Delta H = 35.5\,kJ\,mo{l^{ - 1}}$$    and $$\Delta S = 83.6\,J{K^{ - 1}}mo{l^{ - 1}}.$$     The reaction is spontaneous at : ( Assume that $$\Delta H$$  ans $$\Delta S$$  do not vary with temperature )

A. $$T < 425\,K$$
B. $$T > 425\,K$$  
C. $${\text{all ternperatures}}$$
D. $$T > 298K$$
Answer :   $$T > 425\,K$$
Solution :
According to Gibbs-Helmholtz equation,
Gibbs energy $$\left( {\Delta G} \right) = \Delta H - T\Delta S$$
Where, $$\Delta H$$ = Enthalpy change
$$\Delta S$$  = Entropy change
$$T$$ = Temperature
For a reaction to be spontaneous
$$\Delta G < 0.$$
∴ Gibbs -Helmholtz equation becomes,
$$\eqalign{ & \Delta G = \Delta H - T\Delta S < 0 \cr & {\text{or,}}\,\Delta H < T\Delta S \cr & {\text{or}},\,\,T > \frac{{\Delta H}}{{\Delta S}} \cr & = \frac{{35.5\,kJ\,mo{l^{ - 1}}}}{{83.6\,J{K^{ - 1}}mo{l^{ - 1}}}} \cr & = \frac{{35.5 \times 1000}}{{83.6}} \cr & = 425K \cr & T > 425K \cr} $$

Releted MCQ Question on
Physical Chemistry >> Chemical Thermodynamics

Releted Question 1

The difference between heats of reaction at constant pressure and constant volume for the reaction : $$2{C_6}{H_6}\left( l \right) + 15{O_{2\left( g \right)}} \to $$     $$12C{O_2}\left( g \right) + 6{H_2}O\left( l \right)$$     at $${25^ \circ }C$$  in $$kJ$$ is

A. $$-$$ 7.43
B. $$+$$ 3.72
C. $$-$$ 3.72
D. $$+$$ 7.43
Releted Question 2

For which change $$\Delta H \ne \Delta E\,:$$

A. $${H_{2\left( g \right)}} + {I_{2\left( g \right)}} \to 2HI\left( g \right)$$
B. $$HC{\text{l}} + NaOH \to NaC{\text{l}}$$
C. $${C_{\left( s \right)}} + {O_{{2_{\left( g \right)}}}} \to C{o_{{2_{\left( g \right)}}}}$$
D. $${N_2}\left( g \right) + 3{H_2}\left( g \right) \to 2N{H_3}\left( g \right)$$
Releted Question 3

$${\text{The}}\,\Delta H_f^0\,{\text{for}}\,C{O_2}\left( g \right),\,CO\left( g \right)\,$$     and $${H_2}O\left( g \right)$$   are $$-393.5,$$  $$-110.5$$  and $$ - 241.8\,kJ\,mo{l^{ - 1}}$$    respectively. The standard enthalpy change ( in $$kJ$$ ) for the reaction $$C{O_2}\left( g \right) + {H_2}\left( g \right) \to CO\left( g \right) + {H_2}O\left( g \right)\,{\text{is}}$$

A. 524.1
B. 41.2
C. -262.5
D. -41.2
Releted Question 4

In thermodynamics, a process is called reversible when

A. surroundings and system change into each other.
B. there is no boundary between system and surroundings.
C. the surroundings are always in equilibrium with the system.
D. the system changes into the surroundings spontaneously.

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Chemical Thermodynamics


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