The alkyl halides are very reactive due to highly polarised $$C -X$$ bond with a large difference in electronegativities of carbon and halogen atoms. The order of reactivity is iodides > bromides > chlorides > fluorides.
127.
$$A$$ compound $$A$$ with molecular formula $${C_{10}}{H_{13}}Cl$$ gives a white precipitate on adding silver nitrate solution. $$A$$ on reacting with alcoholic $$KOH$$ gives compound $$B$$ as the main product. $$B$$ on ozonolysis gives $$C$$ and $$D.$$ $$C$$ gives Cannizaro reaction but not aldol condensation. $$D$$ gives aldol condensation but not Cannizaro reaction.
$$A$$ is :
Compound $$A$$ reacts with $$alc.KOH$$ to give compound $$B$$ which on further ozonolysis gives $$C$$ ( does not contains $$\alpha - H$$ atom ) and $$D$$ ( contains $$\alpha - H$$ atom ). This reaction sequence can be achieved by compounds in option (A) and (C). Since compound $$A$$ gives white $$ppt.$$ with $$AgN{O_3}$$ preferable option will be (C) as tert alkyl reacts with $$AgN{O_3}$$ more quickly.
128.
Primary alkyl halide, $${C_4}{H_9}Br\left( X \right)$$ reacts with alc. $$KOH$$ to give compound $$(Y).$$ $$(Y)$$ reacts with $$HBr$$ to give compound $$(Z)$$ which is an isomer of $$(X).$$ When $$(X)$$ reacts with $$Na$$ metal it gives compounds $$(P).$$ $$(X), (Y), (Z)$$ and $$(P)$$ are
The electron withdrawing nitro groups weaken the $$C – F$$ bond by inductive effect and resonance.
130.
Chlorobenzene is formed by reaction of chlorine with benzene in the presence of $$AlC{l_3}.$$ Which of the following species attacks the benzene ring in this reaction?
During chlorination of benzene, anhydrous $$AlC{l_3},$$ being a Lewis acid helps in generation of the electrophile $$C{l^ + }$$ by combining with the attacking reagent.
The electrophile $$C{l^ + }$$ attacks the benzene ring in this reaction.