$$O_2^ - \left( {17{e^ - }} \right) - K\,K\,\sigma 2{s^2}{\sigma ^*}2{s^2}\sigma 2p_x^2,\left\{ {\pi 2p_y^2 = \pi 2p_z^2,\left\{ {{\pi ^*}2p_y^2 = {\pi ^*}2p_z^1} \right.} \right.$$
Thus, $$\,O_2^ - \,$$ has one unpaired electron; hence it is paramagnetic. Other species have no unpaired electron.
All of them have 14 electrons.
83.
Two elements $$X$$ and $$Y$$ combine to form a compound $$XY.$$ Under what conditions the bond formed between them will be ionic?
A
If the difference in electronegativities of $$X$$ and $$Y$$ is 1.9.
B
If the difference in electronegativities of $$X$$ and $$Y$$ is more than 1.9.
C
If the difference in electronegativities of $$X$$ and $$Y$$ is less than 1.9.
D
If both $$X$$ and $$Y$$ are highly electronegative.
Answer :
If the difference in electronegativities of $$X$$ and $$Y$$ is more than 1.9.
According to the postulate of $$VSEPR$$ theory, a lone pair occupies more space than a bonding pair, since it lies closer to the central atom. This means that the repulsion between the different electron pairs follow the order.
$$lp - lp > lp - bp > bp - bp$$
85.
$$As{F_5}$$ molecule is trigonal bipyramidal. The hybrid orbitals used by $$As - {\text{atoms}}$$ for bonding are
A
$${d_{{x^2} - {y^2}}},{d_{{z^2}}},s,{p_x},{p_y}$$
\[As=1{{s}^{2}},2{{s}^{2}},2{{p}^{6}},\underbrace{3{{s}^{1}}3p_{x}^{1}\,\,3p_{y}^{1}\,\,3p_{z}^{1}\,\,3{{d}^{1}}}_{s{{p}^{3}}d\,\,\text{hybridisation}}\]
Due to this hybridisation, geometry of the $$As{F_5}$$ molecule is trigonal bipyramidal and the hybrid orbitals used by $$As - {\text{atoms}}$$ are $$s,{p_x},{p_y},{p_z}$$ and $${d_{xy}}.$$
86.
Oxygen molecule is paramagnetic because
A
no. of bonding electrons > no. of antibonding electrons
B
no. of bonding electrons < no. of antibonding electrons
C
no. of bonding electrons = no. of antibonding electrons
D
presence of unpaired electrons in molecular orbitals
Answer :
presence of unpaired electrons in molecular orbitals
The percentage of $$s$$ - character in $$s{p^3},s{p^2}$$ and $$sp$$ is 25%, 33% and 50% respectively. Order of size of orbitals is $$sp < s{p^2} < s{p^3}.$$
88.
In which of the following ionization processes the bond energy has increased and also the magnetic behaviour has changed from paramagnetic to diamagnetic ?
The bond length follows the order
$$O_2^ + < {O_2} < O_2^ - < O_2^{2 - }$$
According to this the possible values are
$$1.12\mathop {\text{A}}\limits^{\text{o}} ,1.21\mathop {\text{A}}\limits^{\text{o}} ,1.30\mathop {\text{A}}\limits^{\text{o}} ,1.49\mathop {\text{A}}\limits^{\text{o}} $$
90.
The species in which the central atom uses $$s{p^2}$$ hybrid orbitals in its bonding is
From amongst given species $$P{H_3},$$ $$N{H_3}$$ and $$Sb{H_3}$$ are all $$s{p^3}$$ hybridised. Their central atom has both bond pair as well as lone pair of electrons. The lone pair occupy the fourth orbital. $$CH_3^ + $$ has only three pairs of electrons so it is $$s{p^2}$$ hybridised.